University of Arkansas — See & Spray soybean trial
Keiser, Arkansas · John Deere See & Spray (prototype) · 3 seasons, 2022–2024
43–59%less herbicide than broadcast spraying
+280%a year in weed seed bank at the LOW sensitivity setting
Robot deployments: still running?
Named deployments from public sources: who ran the robots, which robots, and what happened. Pauses and removals stay on the record next to the successes.
25% of the named deployments on record ended or never went past a pilot.
84 deployments· Sign in free to see every figure, the caveats and the sources.
Agriculture
T2
Robots:See & Spray (Blue River Technology)
Trial onlyOperator: Iowa State University
Iowa State University — 415-acre spraying demonstration
Boone & Story counties, Iowa · See & Spray Ultimate · 5 soybean fields, 2024
76%average herbicide product saved
43.9–90.6%saving by field — set by weed pressure
Study
Large US dairies on robotic milking — 27-farm survey
USA · Lely & DeLaval, ≥7 milking boxes · 405–17,000 cows per herd
22%of farms cut full-time staff by 30–50%
>21%labour-cost cut, reported by 35% of farms
Study
Abundant Robotics — apple harvester shut down
California / Washington orchards · vacuum apple picker · SRI spin-out 2016, closed mid-2021
$12Mraised, then no further round
50–90%of apples reachable (company claim)
Airports
Still runningOperator: Narita International Airport Corporation
Narita International Airport — terminal floors
Narita · 2 Avidbots Neo + 10 Cyberdyne CL02 · from 25 Nov 2019
12robots: 2 hard-floor scrubbers, 10 carpet
~920,000 m²terminal floor area to keep clean
Robots:Cleaning Robot CL02 (Cyberdyne Inc.)
Still runningOperator: Changi Airport Group
Changi Airport — Terminal 4
Singapore · 4 cleaning robots at opening (+6 planned) · floors, car parks, toilets
~20%less housekeeping manpower (airport’s projection)
SGD 80kper robot
Cleaning & Facilities
Still runningOperator: Mitsui Fudosan Facilities
Mitsui Fudosan Facilities
Tokyo · 12× Panasonic RULO Pro · two office towers · 12 months
20 → 8 minhuman time per corridor floor
5 g → 11 gdust collected per floor
Still runningOperator: SMRT Trains
SMRT Trains — Circle Line
Singapore · 89 robots (Avidbots, LionsBot, Gausium) · stations
30 → 10 minper station area
89robots in the fleet
Still runningOperator: Odakyu Building Service
Odakyu Building Service
Tokyo · 4× Amano RcDC · university building, 3,464 m² corridors
53.6%of area robotisable
520 → 253 mintheoretical → measured
Still runningOperator: Biken Techno
Biken Techno
Tokyo · Amano RcDC · 21-storey office
45–60 → ~30–45 mindust removal per floor
28–52 g/hdust removal rate
Still runningOperator: JR Kyushu
JR Kyushu — Nagasaki & Hakata stations
Japan · SoftBank Scrubber 50 Pro · 4,400 m² · nights
2–3 → 1night staff per concourse (T3)
01:00–04:00unattended run
Robots:SCRUBBER 50 (Gaussian Robotics)
Study
Tokyo BMA benchmark hall
Tokyo · Amano, Figla, Makita units vs a human cleaner · 2017
1.5×slower than human on vinyl
2×slower on carpet
Construction
Still runningOperator: EnviroVantage
EnviroVantage — University of New Hampshire stadium
Durham, NH · Brokk 100 + concrete crusher · 3-level reinforced announcer’s box, 2016
72man-days for the whole demolition
105.8 yd³concrete and rebar removed
Still runningOperator: Diamond Drilling
Diamond Drilling — Romania
Romania (projects in the Gulf, Asia, Australia) · Brokk 170 + Brokk 110 · bought 2018
≥ 2×faster wall tear-down than diamond tools alone
~2×turnover within a year
Education
Still runningOperator: Education and Youth Board of Estonia
Estonia — ProgeTiger national programme
Estonia · programming and robotics in schools and kindergartens · since 2012
2012national programme launched
> 50%of schools teach programming and robotics (2022)
Study
Basra primary schools — randomised trial with Ozobots
Basra, Iraq · Ozobot coding robots · 20 schools, Grade 4, two-day classes
960pupils in the robotics arms
girls onlysignificant gain in computational thinking
Study
Robots in STEM classes — meta-analysis of 21 studies
K-16 · educational robotics vs no robots · studies 2010–2022
g = 0.49overall effect on STEM learning (moderate)
g = 0.95in technology classes
Healthcare
Still runningOperator: UCSF Medical Center
UCSF Medical Center — Mission Bay
San Francisco · 27 Aethon TUGs · US$6M programme
157,000trips per year
~30fewer hires
Still runningOperator: Tan Tock Seng Hospital
Tan Tock Seng Hospital — OPAS
Singapore · outpatient pharmacy automation · 1,400 patients/day
30% → 5%rework rate
0dispensing errors
Still runningOperator: Yamagata University Hospital
Yamagata University Hospital — ICU
Japan · Xenex pulsed-xenon UV
13.8 → 9.9MRSA per 10,000 patient-days
48.5 → 18.1MDR-Acinetobacter
Still runningOperator: El Camino Hospital
El Camino Hospital
Silicon Valley · 19 Aethon TUGs
$350k/yrrobot programme
$1M/yrequivalent labour
MultiCare Health System — Moxi removed
Tacoma & Puyallup · 14 Diligent Moxi (2023) → 0 (2025)
14 → 0robots
"not financially sustainable"system spokesperson
Robots:Diligent Moxi (Diligent Robotics)
Study
LAMP trial — Xenex null result
Detroit · 2 hospitals, 379 beds · cluster-randomised, sham-controlled
3.49 vs 3.17HAIs per 1,000 patient-days, UV vs sham
RR 1.10P = .23
Homes
Study
Georgia Tech — 30 households, six months with a Roomba
Atlanta · iRobot Roomba · 30 first-time households, 149 home visits
30households, followed for six months
13named the robot within two weeks
Study
Stiftung Warentest — robot mower test
Germany · 14 robot mowers rated, 8 without boundary wire · Mar 2026
14mowers rated, Good to Deficient
€300–1,700price range tested
Study
Robot mowers vs hedgehogs — 18-model safety test
Denmark / Oxford · 18 robot mower models · peer-reviewed, 2021
18mower models tested
0detected a juvenile hedgehog (< 200 g)
Study
Maytronics (Dolphin) — private pool robots, 2024
Global · Dolphin robot pool cleaners · market leader’s annual report
30–31Mprivate pools suited to robot cleaning (company estimate)
71.5%of the company’s 2024 sales from private-pool robots
Hotels
Still runningOperator: M Social Singapore
M Social Singapore — Millennium
Robertson Quay · 293 rooms · Relay "AURA" + egg robot
5 → 3 mindelivery, human vs robot
2:30 → ~1:00egg dish prep time
Still runningOperator: Garden City Hotel
Garden City Hotel
Long Island, NY · 2× SoftBank Whiz · ~US$30k each
40 minper floor
1 person/dayredeployed
Robots:Whiz (SoftBank Robotics (formerly Aldebaran Robotics))
Still runningOperator: Crowne Plaza Silicon Valley
Crowne Plaza Silicon Valley
Milpitas, CA · Relay "Dash" · ~2 years live
10–15 → 3 minper delivery
20–25requests per day
Still runningOperator: Residence Inn LAX
Residence Inn LAX — Marriott
Los Angeles · Relay "Wally"
1robot
short-circuitedwet towels in compartment
Still runningOperator: Hotel EMC2
Hotel EMC2 — Autograph Collection
Chicago · 2× Relay "Leo & Cleo" · 195 rooms
2robots for 195 rooms
~2×in-room dining sales (no baseline, T3)
Still runningOperator: Park Avenue Rochester
Park Avenue Rochester
Singapore · 311 rooms · 2× Techmetics "Techi" · STB-funded
6 → 3room-attendant vacancy gap
S$100kper unit
Still runningOperator: Nagoya Prince Hotel Sky Tower
Nagoya Prince Hotel Sky Tower — Sky Dining
Nagoya · buffet restaurant, 31F · Delivery X1 clearing robot
~100round trips a day
3.3 hof carrying per day taken over
Still runningOperator: NEW MARUYA Hotel
NEW MARUYA Hotel — Katayamazu Onsen
Ishikawa · Yukai Resort buffet, ~400 guests a day at peak · 1 Keenbot T5
~78%of food runs done by the robot
30–40k → under halfstaff steps a day at New Year peak
Still runningOperator: Kobe Meriken Park Oriental Hotel
Kobe Meriken Park Oriental Hotel
Kobe · buffet (3F) + steakhouse (14F) · 2 Keenbot T5
~100floor-to-dish-room trips a day (3F, peak)
~5 minper round trip from the 14F restaurant
Still runningOperator: Sapporo View Hotel Odori Koen
Sapporo View Hotel Odori Koen — breakfast
Sapporo · 300–400 breakfast guests a day · 2 Servi Plus
½staff walking distance (restaurant manager)
300–400breakfast guests a day
Robots:Servi Plus (Bear Robotics)
Henn na Hotel — H.I.S.
Nagasaki & Tokyo · 243 robots at peak · cut in 2019
30 → 7staff per hotel
~⅓labour cost vs peers
Study
88 Chinese hotels — in-room robots
23 cities · 789 rooms · Cornell CHR study
745,000guest commands in one year
2 months → 2 yearspayback range across hotels
Manufacturing
Still runningOperator: Trelleborg Sealing Solutions
Trelleborg Sealing Solutions — Helsingør
Denmark · 42 Universal Robots UR5/UR10 · CNC tending
3 → 8CNC machines per operator
50people hired
Robots:UR5 (Universal Robots) , UR10 (Universal Robots)
Still runningOperator: Freedman Seating
Freedman Seating — Chicago
Chicago · 3 Vectis welding cobots · bus & RV seat frames
12 → 3½ minweld time per stainless seat
~200%more output on that part (journalist’s estimate)
Still runningOperator: Gwangjin Group
Gwangjin Group — Asan plant
Korea · Doosan M-series cobots · riveting, inspection, sorting
12 → 1–2defects per six-line batch
₩1.3bninvested
Still runningOperator: CM Welding & Machine
CM Welding & Machine — Midland, Texas
Midland, TX · 2 welding cobots (third planned) · oil & gas modules, high-mix
≥20%faster setup than its traditional robot cell
2 → 3cobots (third planned for 2024)
Still runningOperator: Red Devil
Red Devil — Pryor, Oklahoma
Pryor, OK · 1 Yaskawa Motoman MPL80 II · caulk & sealant lines
50% → 90%+of the time at the 100 tubes/min target
~2×production capacity, same filling equipment
Still runningOperator: Cosmo Japan
Cosmo Japan — skewer line
Hokkaido · Denso SCARA with vision · METI case
3 → 1workers on the process
8,400 → 7,000output per day
Still runningOperator: Sargento Foods
Sargento Foods — Plymouth, Wisconsin
Plymouth, WI · 8 FANUC M-410iB cells · centralised cheese palletizing
8 × 3robot cells × palletizing lanes
700 ftlongest trunk conveyor feeding the cells
Still runningOperator: Recochem
Recochem — Edmonton
Edmonton, Alberta · 1 Motoman EPL80 · case pack + palletize, 9.46 L bottles
+35%throughput vs packing by hand
3 → 1operators on the line
Still runningOperator: Urano
Urano — lights-out machine tending
Nagasaki · FANUC M-10iA · METI case
3 × 7 h → 1 × 2 hpeople × hours on the process
lights-outmachining cell
Robots:FANUC M-10iA (FANUC)
Still runningOperator: Natures Way Foods
Natures Way Foods — Selsey
Selsey, UK · 2 PWR delta robots · coleslaw pots into cases and crates
140pots per minute
< 15 minformat changeover
StoppedOperator: Boeing
Boeing 777X — FAUB abandoned
Everett · robotic fuselage assembly · 4 years
4 yearsof trial
abandonedfor flex-track + mechanics
StoppedOperator: Tesla
Tesla Fremont — Model 3, 2018
California · bespoke automated conveyor and assembly
5,000/wktarget
<2,500/wkachieved at the time
Restaurants & F&B
Still runningOperator: Skylark Holdings
Skylark Group — Gusto, Syabu-Yo, Bamiyan
Japan · 3,000 Pudu BellaBot · 2,149 stores
−42%floor staff steps per shift
−35%clear-down time
Robots:BellaBot (Pudu Robotics)
Still runningOperator: Kura Sushi USA
Kura Sushi USA
37 restaurants · Pudu delivery robots · NASDAQ-listed
5–7 → 8–10tables per server
50–60 bpslabour, three initiatives combined
Still runningOperator: Noodle Topia
Noodle Topia
Madison Heights, Michigan · 3× BellaBot · owner Li Zhai
5–6 → 3floor staff at same volume
~$15kper robot, one-off
Robots:BellaBot (Pudu Robotics)
Still runningOperator: Watami
Watami — Yakiniku no Watami
Japan · SoftBank Servi + JSP Peanuts · TSE-listed
10–12 → 4hall staff per shift, ¥1M/day store
6:37 → 4:49table clearance (vendor-measured)
Robots:Servi (Bear Robotics)
Still runningOperator: Haidilao
Haidilao
China · 958 robot waiters (2020 filing) · HKEX-listed
958robot waiters, Aug 2020
RMB 2–3kper robot per month (press)
Chili's Grill & Bar — "Rita"
USA · Bear Robotics Servi · 10 → 61 locations → paused
61locations at peak
77%guests: server spent more time
Robots:Servi (Bear Robotics)
Trial onlyOperator: Saizeriya
Saizeriya
Japan · Servi pilot · former president on record against
½walking distance at pilot store (T3)
+4%peak turnover 'on some occasions' (T3)
Robots:Servi (Bear Robotics)
Study
Norwegian family restaurants
Norway · four-tray robot, brand withheld
10 → 2waiter trips, 20-cover table
320 mwalking saved per large table
Retail
Still runningOperator: Schnucks
Schnucks — Simbe Tally
St. Louis · 111 stores · shelf-scanning
111stores
≥20%out-of-stock reduction (joint figure, T3)
Still runningOperator: Stop & Shop
Stop & Shop / Giant — "Marty"
US Northeast · ~500 units · $35,000 each
$35kper robot
~40hazards per store per day (self-reported)
Still runningOperator: FamilyMart
FamilyMart + Telexistence — Manila operations
Japan / Philippines · 300 stores · remote-rescued arms
4%robot failure rate
1 : 50operators to robots
Still runningOperator: Co-op
Co-op — Starship robot delivery, Milton Keynes
UK · Starship sidewalk robots · 8 Co-op stores, from 2018; Northampton 2020
3×Co-op robot deliveries in Milton Keynes during Covid
up to 300robots planned across the UK by end-2021
StoppedOperator: Walmart
Walmart — Bossa Nova cancelled
USA · ~500 stores · shelf-scanning · ended Nov 2020
350 → ~500 → 0stores with robots
cancelledafter 5 years of trials
StoppedOperator: Amazon
Amazon — Just Walk Out retreat
USA · Fresh stores removed · Go stores 31 → 22
700 of 1,000transactions human-reviewed, 2022 (T3, disputed)
31 → 22Amazon Go stores
Stanford Shopping Center — robots docked
Palo Alto · Knightscope K5 · patrolling from 2015, suspended Jul 2016
Jul 2016all robot patrols suspended after a child was hurt
16 monthsage of the child — bruised foot, scraped leg
Robots:K5 (Knightscope)
Trial onlyOperator: Margiotta
Margiotta — Pepper "Fabio"
Edinburgh · one store · one week
12 vs 2customers drawn per 15 min, human vs robot
1 weekthen removed
Robots:Pepper (Aldebaran Robotics (SoftBank / United Robotics))
Trial onlyOperator: Lowe's
Lowe’s — Philadelphia car parks
Philadelphia · Knightscope K5 · 4 stores, pilot from Feb 2023
4Philadelphia stores (more in 4 states + DC)
$6–9/hrannual robot contract, Knightscope’s figure
Robots:K5 (Knightscope)
Security & Patrol
Still runningOperator: Huntington Park Police Department
Huntington Park PD
California · K5 · six annual renewals
$6,000 → $8,000budgeted vs actual per month
not wiredemergency button to dispatch
Robots:K5 (Knightscope)
Still runningOperator: Sellafield Ltd
Sellafield — Spot in active nuclear areas
Cumbria, UK · Boston Dynamics Spot · cell inspection & clean-up, 2023
½the predicted cost of the work
2 + 7 → remoteoperators plus support staff per entry, replaced
Robots:Spot (Boston Dynamics)
World Trade Center — first rescue-robot deployment
New York, Sept 2001 · CRASAR tracked robots on 30 m tethers · rubble search
up to 17CRASAR robots on site within hours
0living victims found
Still runningOperator: US Army
US Army — counter-IED robot fleet
Iraq & Afghanistan · PackBot, TALON and others · 2007 → consolidation
7,000unique robots bought in a decade
3core platforms the Army is consolidating onto
Robots:PackBot
NYPD — Times Square subway K5
New York · $9/hr lease · ended Feb 2024
$9/hrlease
2 officersescorting it throughout
Robots:K5 (Knightscope)
StoppedOperator: City of Hayward
City of Hayward — Watkins St garage
California · Knightscope K5 · 2 years
9 → 3thefts, pre vs with robot
$137,000+over two years
Robots:K5 (Knightscope)
StoppedOperator: San Francisco SPCA
San Francisco SPCA
Mission District · K5 · ordered removed
$6–7/hrrobot
$16/hrguard
Robots:K5 (Knightscope)
City of Dublin, Ohio — "DubBot"
Ohio · 2× K5 · ended May 2026
$128,080year one
0incidents identified
Robots:K5 (Knightscope)
San Antonio International Airport
Texas · K5 · $21,000/yr approved, never taken up
7–3council vote to approve
1 monthtest
Warehouse & Logistics
Still runningOperator: Kroger
Kroger — Ocado fulfilment centres
USA · 8 CFCs opened → 3 closed Jan 2026
3 of 8CFCs closed
$2.6bnimpairment
Still runningOperator: DHL Supply Chain
DHL Supply Chain — Locus Robotics
Global · 500 million picks · LocusBot / Origin
10M picksfirst 2.5 years
100M pickslast 154 days
Robots:Locus Origin (Locus Robotics)
Still runningOperator: Amazon
Amazon fulfilment network
USA · 150+ sites · Kiva-derived drive units
~100 → ~400items/hour, manual → robotic
750,000+robots deployed
Robots:Kiva Drive Unit (Amazon Robotics)
Still runningOperator: Woolworths Group
Woolworths Group — Primary Connect
Australia · Moorebank & WSY DCs · KNAPP + Vanderlande
1,350 → 650workforce across replaced sites
ASX-disclosedredundancy programme
Still runningOperator: Ocado Group
Ocado — Andover and Erith fires
UK · 2019 and 2021 · grid bots
30,000 orders/wkAndover capacity lost, 2019
7 weeksErith revenue decline post-fire, 2021
Still runningOperator: Coles Group
Coles Group — WITRON case automation
Australia · Redbank & Kemps Creek
+20%store availability, Redbank vs manual
A$120moverrun on separate Ocado CFCs
Still runningOperator: JD Logistics
JD.com — "Asia No.1" warehouse, Shanghai
China · JD automated sorting · 100,000 m² first phase, Oct 2014
16,000packages an hour sorting capacity
99.99%sorting accuracy
How we count
Each card condenses one deployment from public sources: the operator's own statements, filings, press with named speakers, or independent studies. T2 = operator-reported or independently observed; T3 = vendor-claimed. Stopped means the operator publicly ended or removed the robots; trial only means a pilot that did not continue; a study is a trial or survey without a single operator. A company missing here means we hold no record yet, not that it has no deployments.
24 use cases are rated Proven, each backed by at least one deployment here. Browse use cases →
As of 2026-10-14 · Free to cite with a link to this page.